Prolonged extracorporeal preservation and evaluation of human lungs with portable normothermic ex vivo perfusion

Many lung donor offers are refused despite increasing demand. Portable normothermic ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) could increase donor yield by monitoring and reconditioning extended criteria donor (ECD) lungs. We report its use in human lungs declined for clinical transplantation. Ten sets of such lungs were procured from brain-dead donors and underwent 24 hours of normothermic EVLP using a perfusate based on donor whole blood. Hemodynamic and ventilatory data and P:F ratios were measured. Advanced donor age and borderline oxygenation (donor mean P:F 228 ± 73) were the most commonly cited reasons for refusal for transplantation. There was no significant worsening of pulmonary hemodynamics or compliance or significant P:F decline during preservation in the overall cohort. Mean P:F ratio in the overall cohort was 315 ± 88 mm Hg after 24 hours EVLP. At EVLP termination 5/10 lung blocks met standard EVLP thresholds for acceptability for transplant. Eventual EVLP performance was poorly predicted by donor P:F ratio but well predicted by data gathered early in EVLP. Portable normothermic EVLP is useful for transportation, monitoring, and reconditioning of ECD lungs. Early EVLP measurements are more effective than preprocurement donor P:F in predicting eventual allograft performance. We advocate an aggressive strategy of evaluation of ECD lungs using blood-based EVLP.     

EGFR敏感突变晚期非小细胞肺癌一线治疗研究进展

分子靶向治疗是在驱动基因指导下的治疗，开启了非小细胞肺癌“个体化”与“精准”治疗时代。非小细胞肺癌驱动基因包括表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）、间变淋巴瘤激酶（ALK）和原癌基因-1（Ros-1）等。EGFR 突变是非小细胞肺癌最常见的靶点，表皮生长因子受体-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（EGFR-TKI）是治疗EGFR 突变晚期非小细胞肺癌的最有效药物，已广泛用于临床治疗，但后期耐药问题不可避免。近年来，为优化TKI 治疗，EGFR-TKI 联合治疗应运而生，不断探索有效的EGFR-TKI 联合治疗的方案。如EGFR-TKI 联合抗血管生成药物、化疗和免疫治疗等。本文就一线EGFR-TKI 药物及EGFR-TKI 联合治疗在一线探索的有关临床研究进展进行综述。     

ⅢA-N2期非小细胞肺癌新辅助治疗的研究现状

ⅢA-N2期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)是一组异质性较大的疾病,最佳治疗模式仍存在争议。如何将化疗、放疗、靶向及免疫治疗等多种治疗手段合理的应用于这部分患者的新辅助治疗中,目前尚无定论。本文就NSCLC新辅助治疗相关研究进行综述,对不同新辅助治疗模式进行疗效及安全性方面的评估。     

维生素A营养状况对学龄前支气管哮喘患儿T淋巴细胞亚群、相关炎症介质及预后转归的影响

目的 研究维生素A营养状况对学龄前支气管哮喘患儿T淋巴细胞亚群、相关细胞因子及预后转归的影响,为支气管哮喘防治提供理论依据。方法 收集2017年6月-2019年6月鄂东医疗集团黄石市妇幼保健院收治的学龄前支气管哮喘患儿120例的临床资料(病例组),同期选择本院体检的健康的学龄期儿童80例对照组。将病例组按照住院期间维生素A营养状况分为维生素A正常组、维生素A边缘缺乏组、维生素A缺乏组。比较病例组和对照组维生素A营养状况,并记录不同维生素A状况组干预前后T淋巴细胞亚群、相关炎症介质及预后转归。结果 病例组维生素A水平[(0.73±0.32)μmol/L]显著低于对照组[(1.02±0.23)μmol/L](t=5.957,P＜0.05),且病例组维生素A营养状况显著差于对照组(Z=4.865,P＜0.05),维生素A缺乏组治疗后的CD4+、CD4+/CD8+均低于另外两组,CD8+高于另外两组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。维生素A缺乏组治疗后的hs-CRP、EOS、IL-6高于另外两组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。三组治疗临床疗效比较差异有统计学意义(χ²=13.165,P＜0.05),其中以维生素A缺乏组临床疗效最差(52.17%),维生素A正常组最高(94.74%)。结论 维生素A边缘缺乏或缺乏在学龄前支气管哮喘患儿中较为常见,对患儿细胞免疫功能、炎症反应的改善及疾病的预后转归造成不良影响,临床应当加强患儿维生素A的监测,适时酌情补充维生素A制剂以改善患儿预后。     

Annexin A13 predicts poor prognosis for lung adenocarcinoma patients and accelerates the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells by modulating epithelial–mesenchymal transition

This study aimed to investigate the role of ANXA13 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) growth, migration, and the underlying mechanisms. Firstly, in the TCGA dataset for LUAD, ANXA13 is found to be highly expressed in patients with LUAD and high expression of ANXA13 predicted poor outcomes in LUAD patients. Consistently, the data of qRT-PCR showed that the expression of ANXA13 was higher in LUAD cell lines (Calu-3, LTEP-a-2, and NCI-H1395) than that in normal lung cell line BEAS2B. Then, we performed gain- and loss of function of ANXA13 in NCI-H1395 and Calu-3 cells, respectively. The results displayed that deficiency of ANXA13 suppresses cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in Calu-3 cells and overexpression of ANXA13 augments cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in NCI-H1395 cells. Finally, it was found that silencing of ANXA13 obviously raised the protein expression levels of E-cadherin and reduced the protein levels of N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Snail in Calu-3 cells whereas overexpression of ANXA13 obviously receded the protein expression levels of E-cadherin and enhanced the protein levels of N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Snail in NCI-H1395 cells. This study analyzed the biological effects of ANXA13 in LUAD cells, indicating that ANXA13 could regard as a therapeutic target for LUAD.     

苇茎汤合麻杏石甘汤加减联合半量激素治疗儿童毒热闭肺证难治性肺炎支原体肺炎

目的:观察苇茎汤合麻杏石甘汤加减联合半量激素治疗儿童毒热闭肺型难治性肺炎支原体肺炎的临床疗效。方法:120例患儿随机分为对照组和观察组,各60例。在基础治疗基础上,对照组给予连花清瘟颗粒+甲强尼龙(每次10 mg·kg-1,2次/日),观察组给予苇茎汤合麻杏石甘汤加减+甲强尼龙(每次10 mg·kg-1,1次/日),疗程均为14 d。观察两组治疗前后肺功能指标[最大通气量(MVV),呼气达峰时间(TPTEF),第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1),呼气达峰容积(VPTEF)],血浆心肌酶谱[肌酸激酶(CK),肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB),乳酸脱氢酶(LDH),胫丁酸脱氢酶(HBDH)],免疫功能[免疫球蛋白G(IgG),免疫球蛋白M(IgM),红细胞免疫复合物(RBC-ICR),红细胞C3b受体(RBC-C3bR)],炎性因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),γ-干扰素(IFN-γ),白细胞介素-13(IL-13),白细胞介素-17A(IL-17A)],临床疗效和不良反应。结果:研究期间脱落4例。观察组总有效率96.6%(57/59),高于对照组的84.2%(48/57)(P<0.05)。与对照组治疗后比较,观察组MVV,TPTEF,FEV1,VPTEF,RBC-C3bR,IL-13升高(P<0.05);CK,CKMB,LDH,HBDH,IgG,IgM,RBC-ICR,TNF-α,IFN-γ和IL-17A降低(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:苇茎汤合麻杏石甘汤加减联合半量激素可明显改善毒热闭肺型难治性肺炎支原体肺炎患儿的肺功能,心肌酶谱,免疫功能和炎性因子水平,不良反应发生率低。     

五虎汤合清金降火汤加减治疗小儿社区获得性肺炎痰热闭肺证及其机制

目的:观察五虎汤合清金降火汤加减治疗小儿社区获得性肺炎(CAP)痰热闭肺证的临床疗效及对炎症因子的影响。方法:将140例CAP患儿随机按数字表法分为对照组69例和观察组71例。两组患儿给予抗感染、退热、祛痰、平喘及呼吸支持等治疗。对照组口服羚羊清肺颗粒,1 g/次,3次/d;观察组内服五虎汤合清金降火汤加减,1剂/d。两组疗程均为连续治疗7 d。监测体温,记录退热起效时间和完全退热时间和治疗后7 d的完全退热率;记录咳嗽、咯痰缓解时间及消失时间,记录肺部湿啰音消失时间;记录治疗失败情况;进行治疗前后痰热闭肺证评分;检测治疗前后血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP),降钙素原(PCT),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平。结果:采用秩和检验分析两组患儿的临床疾病疗效,观察组优于对照组(Z=2. 106,P0. 05);采用秩和检验分析两组患儿中医证候疗效,观察组优于对照组(Z=2. 119,P0. 05);观察组患儿的退热起效和完全退热时间均短于对照组(P0. 01);观察组患儿咳嗽、咯痰缓解时间及消失时间和肺部湿啰音消失时间均短于对照组(P0. 01);观察组治疗后7 d的完全退热率96. 92%(63/65),高于对照组的82. 81%(53/64)(χ~2=7. 085,P0. 01);观察组患儿治疗失败率为9. 23%(6/65),低于对照组的23. 44%(15/64)(χ~2=4. 775,P0. 05);观察组痰热闭肺证各主要症状、体征评分、次要症状评分和总积分均低于对照组(P0. 01);观察组hs-CRP,PCT,TNF-α和IL-6水平均明显低于对照组(P0. 01)。结论:在常规抗感染等综合治疗的基础上,给予五虎汤合清金降火汤加减内服治疗CAP(痰热闭肺证)患儿,可进一步控制临床症状,具有起效快、症状消退快、病程短的优点,并可减轻炎症反应,控制疾病进展,完全退热率,提高临床疾病疗效和中医证候的疗效。